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The Netherlands became independent from Spain in the 1500s. Its first flag was an orange, white and blue striped flag (called the Prinsvlag) which was based on the colors of William of Orange, the first ruler of the Dutch Republic. The orange dye in the early flags faded over time to red, so in the mid 1700s, the orange in the flag was changed to red. The Netherlands has been a kingdom since 1814 (after the Napoleonic Wars).

1. What colors are in the flag of the Netherlands?____________________________

2. What colors were in the original Dutch flag?____________________________

3. In what year was this flag officially adopted? ____________________________

4. Is this flag a horizontal or a vertical tricolor? ____________________________

5. Who was the first ruler of the Dutch Republic? ____________________________________