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Ungulates: Artiodactyls and Perissodactyls

Ungulates are hoofed mammals. Hooves are enlarged claws on the toes. Ungulates are digitigrade; they walk on their toes. The word ungulate is from the Latin word unguis, which means nail, claw, or hoof.

Artiodactyls are even-toed (cloven-hooved) ungulates - some of these include antelopes, camels, cows, deer, goats, pigs, and sheep. These animals walk on two enlarged toes.

Perissodactyls are odd-toed ungulates (a much smaller group) - some of these include horses, zebras, rhinoceroses, and tapirs. Rhinoceroses and tapirs walk on three enlarged toes. Living horses and zebras walk on one enlarged toe.


Click on an ungulate mammal for more information.


ANTELOPE

Antelopes have beautiful horns.


BACTRIAN CAMEL

A two-humped camel from deserts and steppes of Asia.

BALUCHITHERIUM

Baluchitherium (aka Indricotherium) is a large, extinct, hornless rhinoceros. It was one of the largest land mammals.


BIGHORN SHEEP

A wild brown sheep from mountains and deserts of North America.


BISON

The Bison (also called the American Buffalo) is the heaviest land animal in North America.


BONGO

The bongo is a large, striped antelope from African forests.


CAMEL

Camels are large mammals that live in dry areas.


CAPE BUFFALO

Cape Buffalo are large, hoofed mammals that live in African savannas.


CARIBOU

Caribou live in Arctic regions.


COLLARED PECCARY

A pig-like mammal, also known as the javelina, from deserts and chaparrels of North and Central America.


COW

Most of the milk we drink comes from cows.


DALL SHEEP

A wild sheep from the Arctic and sub-Arctic of North America.


DEER

Deer are long-legged mammals that have hoofed, two-toed feet.


DEER, WHITE-TAILED

White-tailed deer are a type of deer from the Americas.


DONKEY

Donkeys are hoofed mammals adapted to desert life.


DROMEDARY

The dromedary is the Arabian or one-humped camel.


Elk

Elk are large, hoofed mammals with beautiful antlers.


EOHIPPUS

Eohippus was a tiny horse that lived 50 million years ago.


GAZELLE

Gazelles live in herds in Africa.

GIRAFFE

The giraffe is the tallest land animal. Go to a giraffe quiz or go to the answers.


GNU

The gnu is a fast-running, herding, grass-eater from eastern Africa. It is also known as the wildebeest.


GOAT

Goats are sure-footed, hoofed mammals.


HIPPOPOTAMUS

The hippopotamus is a large mammal that stays in the water a lot.


HORSE

Horses are very fast runners. Primitive horses were very small. Go to a horse quiz or go to the answers.


HYRACOTHERIUM

Hyracotherium/Eohippus was a tiny horse that lived 50 million years ago.


IMPALA

A high-jumping, lightly-built antelope from southern Africa.

INDRICOTHERIUM

Indricotherium (aka Baluchitherium) was a large, extinct, hornless rhinoceros. It was one of the largest land mammals.


JAVELINA

A pig-like mammal, also known as the collared peccary, from deserts and chaparrels of North and Central America.


LLAMA

Llamas are domesticated animals that are related to camels.


MOOSE

A moose is a large type of deer from the USA and Canada.


MUSK OX

Musk oxen are large, hairy mammals that live in the far north.
okapi

OKAPI

The Okapi is a nocturnal, giraffe-like mammal from African rainforests.
oryx

ORYX

Oryx are long-horned antelopes from dry areas in Africa and Asia.


PIG

Pigs, also known as swine, are omnivores with a flattened snout.


PRONGHORN

Pronghorns are the fastest moving mammals in North America.


Quagga

The quagga is a recently-extinct relative of the zebra. Go to a quagga read-and-answer quiz or go to the answers.


REINDEER

Reindeer live in the far north.


RHINOCEROS

A rhinoceros is a huge animal from Africa that has one or two horn-like spikes on its head.


SHEEP

Sheep are farm animals that are raised for wool and meat.


TAPIR

A plant-eating, hoofed mammal with a small trunk.
Warthog

WARTHOG

The warthog is a wild pig from Africa.


WILDEBEEST

The wildebeest is a fast-running, herding, grass-eater from eastern Africa. It is also known as the gnu.


WOODLAND CARIBOU

A rare caribou from Canada that eats lichens.


WOOLLY RHINOCEROS

The Woolly Rhino is an extinct rhinoceros from the Ice Ages.


YAK

Yaks are large, strong, plant-eating mammals.


ZEBRA

Zebras have black and white stripes.


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